You may have caught some of this if you attended SOE Live or if you watched some of the audience videos from the panels.
We have been working for a while on a cellular automata system. The following video shows some early results:
As you can see the automata is producing something that resembles flowing water. I guess with different rules we could represent other phenomena, like smoke, clouds, slime and lava. Water in particular is a tough system because it likes to flow pretty fast.
This system is already able to schedule simulation so areas near the player (or players) get more simulation ticks. Simulation frequency is also affected by how much the system "wants" to change in a given area. For instance a stable puddle of water will get far less ticks than water falling from a cliff.
This makes the solution manageable from a computational point. This approach does create its own set of problems. For instance if nobody is there to experience the water, it does not really change. As someone approaches, the simulation frequency will increase gradually. This is enough to deceive players I hope, the player influence area is large enough to mask the fact that distant water does not update as frequently.
There are a few significant challenges ahead. We need to make sure this scales when we have hundreds of players. Also not everything in a game world is made out of voxels, eventually we would need to make props block and modify the flow of water.